File: 1777388699393410.png (68.9 KB)
Users of all levels are welcome to ask questions about GNU/Linux and share experiences.
*** Please be civil, notice the "Friendly" in every Friendly GNU/Linux Thread ***
Before asking for help, please check our list of resources.
If you would like to try out GNU/Linux you can do one of the following:
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1) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice on bare metal and run your previous OS in a Virtual Machine.
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Resources: Please spend at least a minute to check a web search engine with your question.
Many free software projects have active mailing lists.
$ man %command%
$ info %command%
$ %command% -h/--help
$ help %builtin/keyword%
Don't know what to look for?
$ apropos %something%
Try a random distro:
https://distrosea.com
https://distro.moe
Check the Wikis (most troubleshoots work for all distros):
https://wiki.archlinux.org
https://wiki.gentoo.org
https://wiki.debian.org
/g/'s Wiki on GNU/Linux:
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Category:GNU/Linux
>What distro should I choose?
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Babbies_First_Linux
>What are some cool programs?
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/list_of_applications
https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page
https://suckless.org/rocks/
>What are some cool terminal commands?
https://www.commandlinefu.com/commands/browse
https://cheat.sh/
>Where can I learn the command line?
https://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashGuide
https://www.grymoire.com/Unix/
https://overthewire.org/wargames/bandit
https://tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/Bash-Beginners-Guide.ht ml
>Where can I learn more about Free Software?
https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/philosophy.html
>How to break out of the botnet?
https://prism-break.org/en/categories/gnu-linux
GNU/Linux Games:
>>>/vg/lgg
Previous thread: >>108965329
Showing all 266 replies.
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>have gnome-keyring running
>it picks up my ssh keys and gnupg keys
>$ echo $SSH_AUTH_SOCK
>>/run/user/1000/gcr/ssh
>run `ssh-add -l` in terminal
>>error fetching identities: communication with agent failed
besides using gnome, what am i doing wrong? there don't seem to be any settings in gnome-keyring itself to actually use it as the ssh-agent
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whats a good aggregator for GNU/Linux? I'm using Akregator on KDE Plasma since I thought that would have the most compatible but every time I boot up my PC, it tells me the client was not shut down properly. I don't care if I have to use a Flatpak.
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>>108990639
when you say self hosted, do you use your own server? I had my own Debian SSH server but the PC running it just died. Do I strictly have to use a server or can I just use FreshRSS on Docker without one?
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>>108990649
yeah i am running a bunch of stuff on a pi 4 using docker (well podman but same thing)
you can use freshrss on docker locally but I like to have it on my always on pi since it updates feeds on its own.
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File: 1773710995291144.jpg (57.4 KB)
cachy or nobara?
>want a gaming focused distro
>do a lot of dev stuff so don't want smth locked down like bazzite
been using linux at work for years but not sure how the gaming situation looks like
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>>108991020
Any rolling distro can play games properly, Cachy (Arch-based) and Nobara (Fedora-based) would both be fine, same with any development environments as both have the packages to set up whatever code env you need.
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>>108991020
Out of thise two? Cachy
But if you're a dev frankly you should have no problems just running straight arch
Immutable distros aren't really a problem for dev work when you can just setup your development environments with mise, nix, or worst case distrobox.
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>>108991020
i game just fine in devuan stable, then again most of what i play are either old games through emulation in retroarch (i'm lazy to configure multiple emulators) OR games in steam, most of which run through proton for reasons, i'm not much a huge fan of modern FPS so on that front what i've been playing recently is Insurgency: Sandstorm and DOOM (2016), insurgency not as much as i'd like since i'm too autist and forget to talk on the mic for comms, DOOM cuz i want to complete all achievements not related to multiplayer nor snap map before i start DOOM Eternal.
as for development i simply use neovim as my IDE, i code in bash, lua, python, some java, touched some C and vala but currently i'm trying to get into ada to do "real software" development, ya know like daemons, good TUI and GUI programs.
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>>108991020
What does your workplace run? I work at a bank that runs a RHEL core so I went with Nobara as my daily driver as it's Fedora based, out of familiarity. Haven't really had any issues gaming apart from friends who insist on wanting to play either battlefield or fortnite, just about every other game I've been able to play out of the box maybe with some minor tweaks here and there.
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$ lsof +c 15 | awk '{print $1}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -rn | head -11
62098 firefox-bin
56462 firefox.real
36736 Isolated\x20Web
27035 Web\x20Content
12382 gnome-clocks
10100 Privileged\x20C
10033 WebExtensions
what the fuck
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>>108990624
Use the Flatpak version.
>>108991020
Bazzite isn't locked down, you're thinking of SteamOS. Bazzite is the better Nobara. CachyOS is for advanced users.
Bazzite > Cachy > Nobara
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>>108991629
>download a flatpak
>download an appimage
>install a package from Fedora's repository with rpm-ostree
>install a Fedora .rpm package with rpm-ostree
>install Distrobox and install a package there
>use homebrew
>run a universal .sh installer
>etc.
There's literally over half a dozen ways to install stuff on Bazzite just like there is on any other distro.
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Is there a tool that lets me see all disk I/O operations? something that preferably shows me where and when a disk write or disk read operation is happening, also would be nice if it also works with ZFS datasets
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File: Screenshot_2026-06-06_09-02-33.png (52.0 KB)
Is there a way to hide or remove speakers that I don't want to use at all? Or create a favorite or preferred speaker list? Or even a way to rename the individual speakers cause this is a fucking mess.
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I'm sure there are other gamers here who enjoy some online play that happens to require Windows. I'm wondering what the ideal setup is, maybe have separate box and use a direct network connection with moonshine? Or an extra graphics card and virtualize windows? Thoughts?
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>>108992035
>just dual boot
Yeah but I don't really like that option as I tend to have stuff open on my 2nd and 3rd screen. Of course I could reopen all those things on Windows, but that's just not comfy, especially because I often game for short periods.
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>>108992025
>maybe have separate box
Yes
>and use a direct network connection with moonshine?
No, instead of moonshing you get an HDMI switch and 2 monitors, the switch will input from the linux box and the windows box and output to the primary screen, then you setup a software KVM solution like input-leap so when you want to game just turn on the windows box and drag your mouse to it.
>Or an extra graphics card and virtualize windows?
Works but it's too unstable / unpredictable, you never know when it will break
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>>108992231
Obviously.
By the way, do you know why Arch exists?
RedHat/Fedora/Centos are corpo distros, so is Ubuntu.
Debian just works and prefers free software and firmware over corpo blobs.
There's also Gentoo for people fanatical about doing everything from source.
What is the purpose of Arch then? Who asked for it? Why it exists? Maybe it should rmrf itself?
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>>108992524
NTA but I feel compelled to reply as an active Debian and Arch user
>What is the purpose of Arch then?
to have a simple linux distro with the latest software
>Who asked for it?
powerusers
>Why it exists?
There wasn't a proper alternative back in the day
>Maybe it should rmrf itself?
We don't want that, arch is really precious and we appreciate it
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>>108992550
absolutely, see pic and linkrel
>multiple inputs
>one single output
https://www.amazon.com/UGREEN-Switcher-Splitter-Selector-Compatible/dp /B09Y14JSFH
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>>108992524
>why Arch exists?
Because Debian, as much as it works greatly, becomes really dated by the end of its life cycle. While most people don't really need the newest stuff, there's a very real use case for people that need newer kernels, drivers, etc. There's where Arch comes into play.
But basically if you don't see the "why" of Arch it means you don't need it and wouldn't get any use out of it, then stick to Debian.
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>>108992592
This, never go bleeding unless you have software or hardware that isn't supported by LTS, its okay to run a bit older if you are playing older games or even AAA games, as long as they aren't doing anything "new" or "quirky" you can run older and have no problems.
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>>108992025
>have separate box
This will give you the best compatibility and the least amount of headaches related to that. Obviously comes with the downside of needing to buy more hardware. If you want both your Linux and Windows computers to be gaming-capable, it may get spicy.
>use a direct network connection with moonshine
This works well over a network connection but the image quality isn't flawless even at very high bitrate and there's still going to be some latency from the capture > encode > decode process even if network latency is <1ms. Video game performance when also capturing can also vary, some don't like it too much for one reason or another.
>extra graphics card and virtualize windows
This also works quite well but I think compatibility isn't 100%, some games and anti-cheat shit will refuse to run in a VM. IIRC there are some ways to get around this, but YMMV. It can be quite stable but there may still be weirdness, for example I have one such VM with a 3080 Ti which occasionally BSODs if I open GPU-Z and the monitors don't work after GPU driver updates, the VM needs a reboot for the video outputs to work again (I update its drivers via remote desktop as a workaround).
>Thoughts?
Dual-boot on one computer is another obvious alternative. There's the inconvenience of rebooting to consider but you don't need to buy any extra shit and since Windows would be running directly on the hardware, compatibility with games will be 100%.
If you go this route in 2026 I would suggest at least using separate drives for Windows and Linux. Do not bother with "proper" dual boot, just install each OS straight to its own drive and use your mobo's hotkey menu to pick the boot device (F11 after PC startup or whatever it is on your stuff).
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>>108991020
>cachy or nobara?
I find Cachy to be cleaner, slimmer and better thought-out than Nobara. So I'd choose Cachy.
But, as other anons have said, you don't really need a "gaming distro" to play games. You can play on pretty much any distro now, just use your favorite.
Although CachyOS is a pretty good Arch-based distro overall, not just for gaming. AFAIK they don't brand themselves as a "gaming distro".
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>>108992750
Cachy focuses more on their kernel desktop performance enhancements rather then being able to play games properly, which Nobara mainly focuses on cause it's the project of the guy that made GE-Proton/Lutris.
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>>108992231
ah debian, if only it wasn't so set on sucking off poettering and redhat... thankfully derivates that treat other inits as first class citizens exist.
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File: 1734228633463986.jpg (2.9 MB)
Probably a bit of a reach these days but is anyone here using optical discs under Fedora KDE at all? Something about it makes the reads go absolutely apeshit with the pickup darting back and forth like it's trying to read from multiple points on the disc at all times for some reason. It absolutely cripples the read speeds and CDs in particular don't seem to be allowed to spin up beyond the bare minimum spindle speed.
I wouldn't be surprised if something in Fedora and/or KDE is broken and nobody's noticed because optical media has become decidedly niche in recent years.
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>>108993516
BD ripping generally works okay actually now that you mention it. The biggest issues seem to be with CDs and smaller file reads on DVDs. I think part of the issue is Dolphin because looking at the disc at all with it tends to trigger the erratic random reads.
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>>108993532
>>108993542
I could also see Dolphin just being shit at navigating on CDs. I haven't even thought to open a CD like that in ages, let me try it
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>>108993542
I've got a couple of spare drives I can chuck in and try, even a spare BD one. I did actually have a problem with a dodgy SATA cable that was fucking up burns recently and was hoping that would be the source of my read troubles too but that turned out to not be the case. The drive still works properly under Windows as far as I know but I haven't booted into it in a long ass time let alone used the drive under it.
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>>108993175
No good ones. Backports would be good if they had decent coverage, but they don't, and it gets worse every year. You can bring the real distro's runtime with you by using flatpak, Nix, ..., but this leads to horrific memory bloat if you use it a lot and there are interoperability issues.
Debian sucks. The average poster here was probably in elementary school the last time it was good.
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File: opensuse-icon.png (4.8 KB)
>>108992231
openSUSE proves otherwise.
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>>108994098
>OpenSUSE mentioned.
Obligatory post.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nLdexZlVkAY
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>>108993542
>>108993553
Well I tried a couple of different drives on both Fedora and Windows and the drives behave properly on Windows but act all fucky on Fedora. There's definitely something acting funny here.
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>>108994378
Linux (the kernel) is definitely a corpo project but gnu/linux is historically more community driven in my eyes. I'm pragmatic and I would argue that corpo-driven or corpo-backed solutions have benefited Linux a lot and usually are better than community ones.
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File: 1753973730681108.png (403.9 KB)
>>108994785
>It feels like everyone is using it.
If the frequency of something being said online was true, Windows 11 would be so buggy all the hundreds of millions of computers running it would explode, the entire world would be running on Linux, it would be absolutely better in everything, and Arch would be the best distro.
In reality, Windows 11 is a shitheap but a workable one, Linux still cannot compete with Windows on the desktop side in any meaningful way outside of individual hobbyists making the switch, and Arch is a trash meme distro peddled by the exact same type of Dunning-Kruger retards that are shitting up the entire Internet with their dogshit exaggerated opinions. Usually with picrel as their avatar as they are literal cattle that can only follow trends and regurgitate bullshit.
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>>108994785
Very non opinionated. Very vanilla packages. Very fast package updates that are very close to upstream, and the existence of the AUR. Assumes almost nothing about how you will use it besides a properly formatted boot partition. By default comes with almost nothing but the kernel and some firmware. Is still traditional Linux, yes something like NixOS or Gentoo can be even more modular but the steps required to achieve that are massive. Great documentation. Explicitly marketed towards power users and has a pragmatism over ideology approach to decision making leading the project so less susceptible to shit like Debian’s drama.
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>>108995563
Plus, Valve has been putting in work into Arch and the current trend of people wanting to move to Linux being accelerated by Windows 11 being more annoying (not downright broken, annoying) and Valve securing their own business leveraging Linux to do so.
Basically faggot cattle that should stay away from both Windows and Linux and buy a console instead. Either learn how to use a computer or die.
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>>108995639
They've already been doing some steps towards that, adding a console mode to Win11 that basically halts loading shit that's not necessary, then loads a gaming frontend of your choice, with FOSS alternatives being available. They call it "Xbox mode" and it's Microsoft's hackaround way to have a SteamOS-like handheld mode.
Though the second bit of magic that SteamOS has besides not having useless overhead is DXVK doing black magic. Even under Windows you could drop in those DLL's and see the same gains of better frametimes, lower latency and somehow better FPS despite translating DirectX on the fly. So if K2 team wants to move up their performance they'll have to implement Windows-adjusted DXVK into the OS since that's the magic sauce of why sometimes Linux vastly outperforms Windows in some games.
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>>108995783
It all comes down to the chipset the Bluetooth is using, Mediatek and Broadcom based ones are fucking shit.
So check that. Intel based ones are the best.
Mine has an issue pairing more than 2 devices at a time.
That problem does not appear on the Windows side of my dual boot.
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>>108995837
when i say it doesn't reconnect i mean it doesn't do it automatically. i can force a reconnection by going to bluetooth settings. though sometimes even then i have to forget the device (amp) and then reconnect
in windows it just works (tm)
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Been using Fedora KDE for almost a year now and I like it so far, im used to it already
but im moving to a better pc soonish an I was wondering if I should just keep using this or try another distro
new pc will be used for
>actual gaming
>AI (want to try stuff)
>Blender (3d modeling)
>stuff like solidworks (forgot the name of the alternative)
>maybe some video editing
Is fedora still good for this? or should I try something else?
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>>108996250
lol i already installed kde-plasma and tried it out for less than an hour, struggling to get the audio working, before deciding to move back to xfce. i probably should've installed the meta package or group if i wanted a better initial experience. oh well. all i wanted was a better taskbar anyway, so i'll probably just end up using sway to get waybar once wayland support on xfce is good enough.
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>>108996300
What's your idle resources look like?
>>108996315
Damn, sorry I had to step out on you but I had to go over to my parents house to do yardwork since they are too old to do it themselves. What was the audio problem?
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>>108996315
You can try LXQt its 100% Wayland ready and its the lightest DE in Linux, I don't know about the most efficient
>>108996337
LXQt
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>>108996327
well before i installed kde-plasma, i had to uninstall pulseaudio because there was a dependency conflict between that package and pipewire-pulse when i tried installing easyeffects. after doing that, installing pipewire-pulse, and logging into kde for the first time, my speakers weren't being recognized. i gave up rather quickly on trying to solve that issue so i could focus on getting a feel for the new de, didn't like the feeling of it, then switched back.
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>>108996358
Generally when pulse audio doesn't "recognize something" it just mutes its and all you have to do is go into alsa and unmute it, because pulseaudio is autistic as fuck and just has everything as default-mute if it doesn't recognize it.
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Getting sick of using gmail in my browser and having them record my sessions and shoving AI in my face. Looking for an "offline" client that is simple and compact. What do you recommend? Thunderbird? Betterbird? Evolution?
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>>108996763
Betterbird. I'd use thunderbird because I like sticking to the "root" project generally, but the motherfuckers haven't implemented minimize to system tray functionality in all the years that shit has been in development. Betterbird has it, so I use that.
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File: Install Gentoo.webm (2.7 MB)
>install Gentoo
>have to enable the testing repos in order to get basically any relevant softwareACCEPT_KEYWORDS="~amd64"
>now that you are using testing versions for everything, compiling some pieces of software fail until the foreseeable future* ERROR: kde-plasma/plasma-workspace-6.6.5-r1::gentoo failed (compile phase):
* ninja -v -l0 -j32 failed
Been trying out Gentoo like 3 times the past 10 years and it's always the same story. Is this how it's supposed to be used?
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File: chainsaw with tuned pipe.jpg (376.0 KB)
>>108996922
That process goes like
>want testing for $package
>go ahead and do that
>computer says no, you have enable ~amd64 for some other shit too
>the other shit requires ~amd64 for yet some other package
>repeat x times
>"fuck it, I'll just enable ~amd64 globally"
>????
Sigh, I don't even remember which packages it was originally about.
>>108996441
>>108996352
IPv6 link-locals are great when neckbearding with "homelab" stuff. Too bad the fe80::x%y addressing format isn't universally recognised so it breaks some configs.
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File: 1767679918295426.png (401.4 KB)
i was an archfag for a long time until i got kinda tired of having to maintain my system and pay attention to arch's news feed in case some random upstream package broke plus i caught wind of the age verification kikery so I switched to devuan for shits and giggles cause i hadnt touched apt in a long time and i gotta admit it's fairly comfy after having switched my primary repo to its unstable branch for actual up to date software
it's had a few hiccups here and there but nothing the odd bash script couldnt fix and once i got a setup going that i liked it just kinda werked, not saying arch doesnt just werk either, but i do enjoy the convenience of not having to pay attention too hard to my update cycle
my only complaint is apt is pretty dog shit compared to pacman, im not a huge fan of a repository based package manager, and debian's documentation is obtuse but i just chalk that down to it being designed for servers over regular desktop use
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>>108997142
Through a Windows virtual machine. If you're making a boot USB with a Linux ISO you could use any USB writer that comes with whatever DE you're using. For Windows USB installers you either to make one manually or use Ventoy.
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>>108997133
if im not wrong i think its just kinda the default thing that's taught in school to those specializing in networking plus it's fine for a basic website that doesnt do much other than act as a personal portfolio or blog or something
>>108997142
just use dd, list your disks in the terminal with lsblk and point it to the block device that is your USB drive
sudo dd bs=4M if=path/to/disk.iso of=/dev/disk/by-id conv=fsync oflag=direct status=progress
if its a windows iso use a virtual machine, i have no idea if there's a utility on linux that actually works at all to make windows ISOs
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>>108997142
As opposed to Windows ISOs, Linux ISOs work as-is, you don't need any specialised software for flashing them to USB drives, you simply "dd".dd if=some_linux_installer.iso of=/dev/your_USB_drive
Although for UEFI PCs you could simply copy the ISO file contents to a FAT-formated USB drive and UEFI will likely pick it up. As in
>mount the ISO so you can read its contents
>stick in USB drive
>open it with your file manager
>copy-paste ISO contents to your USB drive
>>108997133
What are some server distros?
>>108997168
>>108997170
Had a NTFS-formated pendrive with Windows ISO contents and it worked just like that. Was kinda a surprise my UEFI could read NTFS.
(had to use NTFS as Windows installer had a file over 4GiBs in size)
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>>108997133
16% of the economy, most of it financial, military, and other projects that require super stable deployments and won't crash at peak hours, but these projects are rarely cutting edge and are more legacy or things that have been around for a very long time. 44% of the commerical economy uses Red Hat and I think Ubuntu servers make up roughly ~35% with a margin of error of 15% due to opening and closing of commerical services and endevours.
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>>108997175
It's basically a gamble if your motherboard can natively read/boot NTFS drives or not, which is why Rufus for a long time has included its own NTFS bootloader along with an NTFS driver so any motherboard can read the USB.
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>>108997279
why not just visit archwiki's dedicated gaming page, enable their tweaks, and then just install cachy's kernel or any other kernel you want on a bog standard arch installation without dealing with cachy as a middle man?
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>>108997296
So I can have it all ready in 5 minutes instead of accidentally nuking my existing drives with Arch's text-based installer and spending 5 hours setting up udev rules and firewalls and third party repositories
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>>108997296
convenience. i've been in a crazy distro hopping phase for a year, and have been stuck with solus being the only one that worked cause other ones had plenty of issues, including arch/cachy since i had ntfs drive issues that i couldn't figure out how to fix until a few days ago.
i'm kinda tired of spending hours tweaking everything to work, and cachy so far is simple enough.
>>108997298
but why are YOU in those threads anon...
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>>108997317
>accidentally nuking my existing drives with Arch's text-based installer
skill issue
>spending 5 hours setting up udev rules and firewalls and third party repositories
this is fair, but desu in the age of gen AI just have it create an install script for you based on your needs if you dont wanna learn how to create shell scripts
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>>108997323
>i've been in a crazy distro hopping phase for a year, and have been stuck with solus being the only one that worked cause other ones had plenty of issues
every distro tries to solve the problem of trying to appeal to as broad as userbase as possible yet paradoxically end up appealing to no one, hence why distro hopping is such a universal experience when it comes to linux
the only thing that solves it is simply a better understanding of what linux actually is and how most distros operate under the hood
at the end of the day most distros are mostly nothing more than someone's own personal config packed up downstream of debian, arch, or fedora trying to sell itself as the "end all be all of distros" or the "windows of linux", a statement which makes zero sense when you actually understand linux as a system
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File: 1779447681948047.png (64.2 KB)
>Installation scripts and patching scripts don't work with rust utils
>Software is still unpatched for Ubuntu 26.04
>most likely never will be
Ubuntu is literally a hobbyist distro pushing whatever BlackRock will tell them to. Popularizing Ubuntu is a Microsoft psyop and it's going to die with Microsoft's Fedora fork.
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>>108997175
>>108997171
>>108997170
>>108997168
I meant to install Fedora in another pc, the USB i have is like 2-3 versions behind, I made it back when I was on windows, so yeah I ran into the "oh...no rufus here" situation
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File: Screenshot_20260604_191510.png (91.6 KB)
>>108990368
Reposting from an old thread. I am trying to get qemu to connect a Win7 VM to the internet, however all information I've come across either leads me down an endless rabbit hole with a solution that doesn't work or no solution. I have gotten virtio drivers to work, but networking is something I have no idea how to do. Just so y'all know, I am trying to get an old computerized sewing machine to work and I am on Wi-fi. A few anons already got me through the hardest part of this process, so I see two solutions to this:
1. I get the internet to work and proceed from there.
2. Less preferable, I transfer the .exe file into the VM and hope I don't need to track down any obscure drivers on Linux (assuming Microslop can find them, albeit on their best OS imo).
The problem is, time is of the essence here. Everyday I am not doing custom patches with questionable artwork incurs opportunity cost. I would offer a free one to the person who fixes my shit but after 12 years of Mongolian Basketweaving I still don't know if such an offer is halal according to the mods.
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>>108997328
>let the ai write your arch install script
>*all drives nuked* *motherboard catches fire*
>You're right, I'm sorry, you asked me to not erase all of the data in the non-empty drives but I did so anyway. This is inexcusable.
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how do you use tmsu? im thinking of this:
>have tmsu files folder
>save meme there with filename as tags (tag tag2 tag3.jpg)
>later run script to extract tags from filename and move filename to shasum.jpg
>run tmsu add extracted tags for shasum.jpg
thoughts?
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>>108998126
LMDE uses Cinnamon, so lookwise it's no different than Linux Mint Cinnamon, the real difference is in the repositories, LMDE uses the Debian repos while all other Mint editions use the Ubuntu repos.
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>>108998182
They are very similar, both contain nearly the same software. The real difference is in how the repositories are structured but the practical difference for you is mainly that ubuntu repos tend to be updated more (and as such contain newer software and are less stable) and they contain more proprietary software.
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>>108997142
if it's a linux iso, usb image or other image that can run straight from a usb drive (i.e. basically anything that isn't a windows iso since they seem to be diametrically opposed to making hybrid bootable images), then you can just write the image to the drive with several tools, including even simply;# cp image.iso /dev/sdz
yes really, you can use cp for this
for windows iso's there's a few methods, i've had the most success with ventoy. basically you run ventoy which then installs to a flash drive, once it's installed you can literally drag iso's over to the drive and you can boot from them. you've probably heard of noobs copying iso's as files onto usb drives, well this actually makes that work for real
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What's a lightweight distro to run on an Intel Atom A270 with 1GB RAM? I've got XP loaded on an old netbook and it runs quite responsively, but even AntiX feels slower; is there a 'modern' distro that's lighter than XP, or should I try something older?
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>>108998470
guess this is 32bit? try crunchbang++. oh yeah latest trixie doesn't 32. I installed it on a intel stick but haven't done anything with it.
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>>108995639
That's just PR bullshit. It's not the first time Microsoft vaguely promised to improve their OS. Windows has too much technical debt and too many decisions are made by non-technical people.
>>108995654
The Xbox mode is nothing. It's just launching their shitty Xbox client and not launching explorer.exe. It does absolutely nothing to address performance issues and doesn't address the inability for the OS to be controller by a game controller (KDE has this feature natively, with no dependency on the Steam client).
The only thing Xbox mode does is reduce the initial RAM consumption by 1GB. That's all. But using the Xbox mode Windows and regular Windows is no different in terms of OS smoothness and game performance.
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>>108998495
assuming he meant the N270, no, it supports 64bit
you'd think you'd want a 32bit distro anyway to save memory, but given that cpu (a 2008 single core 3 watt atom), you'll want all the performance you can get, and 64bit distros run faster than 32bit on 64bit hardware. ideally you'd use x32ABI, but that never really took off so i don't know of any distro besides gentoo which supports it (and gentoo of course for such a machine would practically demand a build server)
as for lightweight distros, it rarely matters what distro you pick, it's all about what software you install/run on it. you could try one of the few actually lightweight distros like Alpine, but otherwise whatever you want with lightweight software will do about as well as any other. main thing is picking your software and using other techniques to make the most of the small amount of ram, like keeping /tmp on disk, using zram, etc.
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>>108998553
>That's just PR bullshit.
Because they haven't miraculously fixed everything everyone has been complaining about the moment they've announced the initiative?
But I get it, you just want to be perpetually mad at something, so the fact that there's a hint of Windows getting even slightly less shit is just an excuse to be even more mad because you might lose a thing to be mad about, and you need to be mad all the time to feel alive. Just go see a therapist already.
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>>108998470
Anything running openbox or iceWM should work on devices with 250MB RAM and a single core CPU. You can always try TinyCoreLinux, it's the lightest usable Linux distro. But most modern software won't run well, you'd be limited to CLI/TUI software or extremely light GUI software. Don't expect any web browser to work outside of niche minimalist ones which don't have half the JS and CSS features and make most modern websites only partially work.
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>>108992979
>Fedora
Experimental beta testing for Red Hat
>Ubuntu
Not bad but heavier than Debian
>SteamOS
I'm not a gamer
>Debian
Just works
>>108996276
How so? It just works. Stable and dependable.
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>>108998571
>they've announced the initiative
From what I understand they didn't even announce anything. The media outlets are just talking about some alleged "leaked" internal communications. There's no guarantee of anything being done. There are no real promises.
>Because they haven't miraculously fixed everything
No, because this isn't the first time they've done this. They did the same thing back in Windows 8. What followed Windows 8 was Windows 10, an extremely bug ridden and shitty version of Windows which had massive privacy issues. The version which caused millions of people to start looking into Linux as an alternative OS. The version during which they fired most of their QA team and moved the responsibility of testing the OS to the end user. What followed Windows 10 was Windows 11, which is even worse. The only thing that's better in Windows 11 is the UI, since they finally stopped using unpaid interns to whip up the UI in paint.exe like they did with Windows 10.
Windows has gone from bad to worse every single year since Windows 7. In order to fix Windows they'd have to revert almost everything they've done in the last 12 years.
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>>108997244
>NTFS bootloader
>NTFS driver
What are these even? Some magic EFI executables?
>>108998470
Compile a tailored Gentoo system using your better PC and copy the system over. I've literally done that for some e-waste-tier PCs using my fancy ayymd Ryzen with shitload of cores.
>I've got XP loaded on an old netbook and it runs quite responsively, but even AntiX feels slower;
Well yeah Windows XP beats most Linux setups in that regard.
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>>108999098
Yeah they're executables that run off a small FAT partition on a Rufus made USB, basically teaching any motherboard you run the USB on to instantly know how to boot from NTFS partitions for this USB only.
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>>108999865
>running weird exe files
even if you ran an exe with a virus it would only effect the wine environment and half the time the virus would just error out because the majority of the dll and registry attacks aren't there to begin with.
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>>108999865
You should know what your running if you run .sh, if you can't or don't read code you should be running things that are public, have been public and around for a month or two, the Linux community is actually been fairly proficient at preventing or stopping bad faith attacks like that so as long as you aren't copy pasting weird stuff you get from someone in a dm message into the terminal you should be fine.
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>>108999877
>>108999898
It's just that you hear of websites stealing your clipboard, cookies or doing whatever else by you simply going there. Or random-ass non-program files hiding malware. Is that not a concern on Linux?
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>>108999961
>It's just that you hear of websites stealing your clipboard, cookies or doing whatever else by you simply going there.
Sounds more like a windows problem and cookies really aren't that spooky because basically everyone does it for marketing and that is how they track and advertise to you.
>Or random-ass non-program files hiding malware.
PDF, Office, and notepad attacks were common in the early 2000s, not so much anymore, hacking these days is more about social engineering and targeting specific people or corporations than it is just randomly fucking over someone because you can.
>Is that not a concern on Linux?
Less of a concern unless you are going to shady websites and downloading shit, which I wouldn't recommend, but most websites attacks just by "visiting" aren't automated, its someone who specifically targeted you and was waiting for you to click a link, the rest is generally just shit that good does legally and the only reason they get away with it is that they are a trusted company to most governments and keep PII (Personally Identifiable Information) hidden... ...Unless you or a corporation pays for it...
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>>108999877
You're wrong. Windows malware can absolutely affect files outside your wine prefix. Most wine prefixes have links to your home or your root. Any Windows malware that encrypts, deletes or leaks your files will affect Linux too, or at a minimum your home directory.
Go into your wine prefix and check the "dosdevices/" folder. It usually has a z:\ drive which is a link to your entire root, from which your entire /home can be read and written to, and a lot of your system can be read even by an unprivileged user.
Wine is not a sandbox. If you're looking for a sandbox then you need to use Bottles, enable the dedicated sandbox mode and manually unlink the z:\ drive.
>>108999961
Websites require user interaction to read your clipboard. Wayland requires apps to be in focus to be able to read your clipboard. In both cases they're restricted to your last clipboard entry.
Linux has a better file permission system than Windows. Files that you download from the internet won't have the permission to execute. You have to manually run them and confirm that you want to do so, or manually give them the "x" permission.
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>>109000108
>and a lot of your system can be read even by an unprivileged user.
99% of these attacks can be thwarted by sudo and a password, if you are a guest or not a permissioned user the virus will be prompted with the sudo pw and then it either errors out or inputs an automated response and errors out so the most they know if its reporting telemetry is that you use wine on a linux system and maybe the linux system and version.
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>>109000114
No they don't. You can prove yourself wrong by just checking a few random youtube videos where people are trying out if Windows malware works on Linux. Most malware works just fine on Linux. And in these cases Windows is actually more secure since Defender will block, quarantine and delete all that malware while WINE will just say "Yup, I'll run it".
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>>109000148
Your home folder is accessible to any executable file you run in wine. There's no need for "sudo" when wine is already running at your level of privilege. It has a total access to your entire /home by default as do all .exe files you run.
>>109000168
Read what I'm saying: almost all malware that encrypts/deletes/uploads your files 100% works on Linux and WILL fuck up your home directory. Wannacry still works on Linux to this date and is capable of nuking your /home.
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>try fedora 44 workstation for default gnome experience
>Computer freezes when I change some video settings
>try fedora 44 with plasma
>looks nice, but visibly stutters when interacting with the system
>fucked up hdr support, causing my tv's local dimming to burn out my eyeballs
>try debian 13 with gnome
>stutters
I guess I'll just go back to ubuntu. I keep trying alternatives but they always disappoint. It's been this way for the last 8 years at least.
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>>109000289
Same thing but with Mint and I don't go back, I just put up with it for a year and move on, eventually I'll find a home or just up back on Linux again, lol.
I think I'm going to try Debian or Devuan next depending where the federal age verification bill goes.
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>>109000436
he's right though, wine ootb is not intended to be a sandbox, it's deliberately not. it mounts / as Z: and symlinks common folders like Documents and Desktop with your real one because wine is supposed to integrate with your system. that is, running a program in wine should work like running a native application.
if you think running malware in wine is safe for any reason, you don't know anything about wine.
https://gitlab.winehq.org/wine/wine/-/wikis/FAQ#how-good-is-wine-at-sa ndboxing-windows-apps
if you want to run something in a sandbox, use a sandbox such as bubblewrap with wine, as wine itself doesn't do anything like that. you could remove the Z: mount but that doesn't guarantee there aren't other ways to do damage if something is designed with wine in mind
there are also anti-virus programs for linux if you want that as well
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Does GNOME not allow tearing in fullscreen like KDE? I'm seeing horrible flickering in all games at 60/75 fps, on modern games it's fine with vsync and vrr but old and/or emulated games ONLY run at those frames, I can't find any solution online for this shit either.
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>>109000514
Depends what the virus is targeting, most people who make viruses aren't professionals and target specifically windows because of its massive share in the market and almost all of them don't reference home, don't target home, don't target PII/documents because that would take forever to sift through, which is why they target dlls and windows kernels that highlight important information for them.
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>>109000534
many won't work in wine, sure, if they're designed to exploit a flaw in windows or use something missing or differently-functioning in wine, like if it tried to make a scheduled task or something i don't think wine has support for that since it doesn't make sense for it to
but many simpler ones that just encrypt/delete files or whatever may work
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>>109000573
>Is there anything lighter than bash?
Dash, Ash, Mksh
All of these though lack functionality that bash has though so I would kinda ask around and research before replacing bash. Oh and yes, lighter does also mean simpler in this case, if bash frustrated you with how low-level and simple it was, these are going to frustrate you even more.
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>>109000590
>but many simpler ones that just encrypt/delete files or whatever may work
If you don't have a password for sudo this would be a problem, which is why the user privilege escalations or code privilege escalation executions are always immediately reported and people make a big deal about it, most viruses don't do that unless they are targeting linux.
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>>109000701
Again, you don't need a "sudo" password to access your home folder. When you open your image viewer, it can delete your files without you running it through sudo. When you open your image editor, it can edit image files in your home directory without requiring sudo. By the same principle a Windows virus can delete/encrypt your files too, since it already has permission to do so. Wine passes your user permissions to .exe files it runs. There is no privilege escalation needed to access your /z:/home/ since all .exe files you run in wine are given the same read-write permissions as your user, and your user has rw permissions for /z:/home/.
Fucking up the OS is irrelevant. All data that is relevant to you lives exclusively in your home folder and your external drives.
Do you really think malware is hardcoded to only target a Windows c:\ drive? Fuck no. Almost all malware that deals with user data tampering will recursively go through all mounted disks, which includes your z:\ drive where your entire Linux system is. Files that are inaccessible get skipped over, but anything that your user can access is a valid target.
Again, look up the youtube videos which demonstrate how easy this is. All you need to do is double click an .exe and run it with wine to see your entire home directory get encrypted.
Any gamer running Windows games through Wine, Proton, Bottles, Lutris, etc. is 100% vulnerable to any Windows malware which recursively goes through the filesystem and deletes, encrypts or steals files. Even more vulnerable than a Windows user, since Linux doesn't have an active AV like Windows has Defender.
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I am trying to install Mint on my other laptop, but I keep getting invalid number errors, or a bunch of other errors when I try. It's weird, because I used that same USB to install Artix on this computer, and it worked just fine, and I had booted Mint from that other computer before without any problem.
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>>109001596
Could be anything.
>corrupt iso file (verify the checksum)
>corrupt flash memory cells in your USB device (check the device for bad blocks)
>corrupt flash memory cells in your SSD (check the device for bad blocks)
>your RAM is going bad (check with memtest)
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I tried googling my question but it is giving me more answers related to connectivity or ppa issues instead of my actual problem:
In Ubuntu if I run apt update and apt upgrade it shows me no updates, then I go to the GUI software updater and shows like 3 or 4 things to update and I am trying to find out why the CLI doesn't show them
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>>109000573
Debian changed its default shell from bash to dash many years ago. It is faster than bash while being POSIX compliant. So maybe use that. Note the Debian default login shell is still bash.
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A while back, I tried switching to Linux. I installed Bazite on my computer, and everything was going great. Unfortunately, I have two hard drives full of data and games that together total 1.5 TB in NTFS format, and I could only access them in read-only mode. Is there any way to use NTFS on Linux? Right now, I don’t have the means to migrate all that data.
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>>109003631
Yes you can use NTFS on Linux by installing the appropriate package that lets you mount it, but it's not recommended to do this long term. It can accumulate errors and they can become hard to fix. You can rsync the files to a temporary location, reformat it in ext4 or xfs, and rsync the files back.
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>>109003631
the method i use is to open gnome disk utility and open up mount options, then uncheck user session defaults and restart, and you should have it correctly mounted. might also help to change the filesystem type to ntfs-3g if it's on bazzite, idk how that distro works.
also for using steam i'd follow the section at the bottom of this page:
https://github.com/ValveSoftware/Proton/wiki/Using-a-NTFS-disk-with-Li nux-and-Windows
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How does one bootstrap a CentOS Stream install? I remember doing something likednf --installroot=/some_mount_point --blah --blah
in order to get a Fedora installation at /some_mount_point. And I also have vague memories I had to create a couple of files before running that command as the command itself didn't involve repository addresses.
Or is there a root filesystem tarball somewhere? That would be so much easier.
>>109003637
>gentoo amd64 handbook
Achtually all the manual Linux installs are the same. On Gentoo you extract the root tarball, "Stage3". APT-based distros use Debootstrap. Arch uses pacstrap. And so on.
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>>109003773
I mean it's the same with Windows as well, moving large amounts of files within Explorer sucks cock.
Like with rsync, people on Windows that actually want to move large amounts of shit use the terminal tool Robocopy.
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>>109003658
>>109003648
So basically, there are only temporary and unsupported solutions? I'll have to get a hard drive to back up my data.
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fucking hate how buggy everything on Linux is
I've been using Debian and Kubuntu for the past few years and I'm tired of all their shit, might move back to Linux Mint
with Debian things are usually okay but all the software tends to become really really outdated very quickly. you also have to suffer from the same bugs for 3 years. debian sid is just a nightmare to use, never again
maybe I should try sticking with Kubuntu although I don't like the uutils shit
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Can I get some help anons?
Besides wine what other options are there to run windows stuff?
I’m not talking about games I’m talking about Adobe products once I properly learn to safely pirate on a Linux.
How do you safely pirate in peace on Linux anyways so you don’t get your pc infected?
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>>109004499
>I also don't want to have to set up my computer from scratch and actually maintain it
You don't set it up from scratch more it asks you a million questions while you set it up
>What Gui do you want?
>what package manager
>is this okay?
>is that okay?
But yeah bleeding edge distros can be a pain in the ass sometimes when you don't actually need the bleeding edge part for anything.
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>>109004555
>secondary gpu
So have two graphics cards in my pc?
Never heard of this somehow.
I think there might be a workaround like a “house” for a second graphics card available somewhere.
>>109004573
Tell me the bad news please.
I hate gimp. It is probably controlled opposition to be shit and make people Give up and use Adobe.
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>>109004605
>I hate gimp. It is probably controlled opposition to be shit and make people Give up and use Adobe.
Adobe is notoriously hard to run on Linux or outright impossible depending on the distribution you are using.
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>>109004648
Photoshop isn't really that awful to get running, though AFAIK it depends on which versions and how. I don't know about the rest of the CC.
Affinity also has an installer out there which should be easy to find. Haven't tried it myself though, the only program I've had to use wine for is CSP.
If you really need it you'll have to either potentially troubleshoot either of those or via dual booting, which is probably what most people who use them while on Linux do anyway.
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is SELinux hard to set up? I want to set that up for everything + Bubblewrap too (in place of Rirejail although I don't mind it it is somewhat limited)
the idea is to limit all applications to beint able to access only that which is absolutely necessary for them, no internet access for example unless needed
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>>109003631
NTFS works fine on Linux. The only thing that doesn't work is playing games on it with Wine and Proton, and some advanced stuff like defrag. But it should be perfectly usable as a simple storage device.
But, it's best to format the drive to btrfs or ext4. They're much better than ntfs and not to mention they're fully supported on Linux.
>>109004569
Bazzite is for people who want an OS that just works. CachyOS is for people who want an OS that is work.
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>>108998495
I'll give it a try, I'm not expecting miracles but I like the idea of having it dual-booted just to play around with or use it as a remote terminal.
>>108998558
>assuming he meant the N270
I did, my mistake.
>no, it supports 64bit
Depends on how it's configured, with my EEE 1000h it only supports 32 bit.
>as for lightweight distros, it rarely matters what distro you pick
Yeah, the software is the challenging part I suppose. I chucked a spare 2GB RAM stick in it and it seems to work fine with that, so the bottleneck really is the terribly slow CPU.
Supermium seems to run acceptably on XP, at least. I'll add Alpine to the list of distros to try, in any case.
>>108998588
TinyCore looks interesting, and this does give me a good excuse to explore more TLI/CLI software compared to what I'm used to using on my desktop.
>>108999098
>Compile a tailored Gentoo system using your better PC and copy the system over.
Never tried Gentoo, but I might give it a shot on this system just so I can learn how it all works. I've got a 7900X to compile shit if I get that far.
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>>109004015
pretty sure that's all it really is, you just specify the releasever and the package groups you want. ZFSBootMenu docs for AlmaLinux have the precise commands, they worked for me on RHEL and should work on CentOS.
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>>109005141
>only supports 32 bit.
that does limit what you can run on it, as a lot of distros have dropped 32bit support.
off the top of my head you still have;
Alpine
Arch (unofficial, archlinux32)
Gentoo
Void
there are more but these are among the more popular options. note that i'm not including Debian and Debian-derived distros like antiX, Puppy, etc because Debian recently dropped 32bit support so unless you only intended to use it for a short period of time (Debian 12 is the last with 32bit support and that runs out in 2028)